Celebrating tea is celebrating peace, culture and hope

On International Tea Day, FAO calls for greater
sustainability of the tea sector in times of COVID-19 and beyond

Preparation of a Chinese green tea (Xi Hu Long Jing Supreme)
in a Rome's tea shop.

Global demand for tea has seen a remarkable increase during
the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a new momentum to build a sustainable and
resilient tea sector while preserving its unique character of bringing people
together. This was a key takeaway from a FAO-hosted virtual high-level event to
mark the
International Tea Day 2021.

"Celebrating tea is celebrating peace, culture and
hope," said FAO Director-General QU Dongyu in his opening remarks.
"Tea can play an important role in our journey to build back better. Being
the most widely consumed drink in the world after water, tea brings people
together to share stories and ways of life."

Major challenges

Despite the key role tea plays in ensuring rural incomes,
livelihoods and food security, the sector faces a number of challenges, the
Director-General warned. He reminded the audience that tea can only be produced
in narrowly defined agro-ecological conditions, and therefore, the impact of
climate change and extreme weather events is one of the most pressing issues
that requires urgent attention. Other major stressors for the tea sector
include increasing competitiveness in the beverage sector and declining returns
for small-scale farmers.  

In addition, global trade of tea in 2020 was affected by
logistics issues and measures imposed to contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
However, increasing in-home consumption of tea more than offset declining
out-of-home consumption in many instances. During the first weeks of lockdown
in several countries, in-home tea sales surged, increasing by 75 percent in
some consuming countries.

The Director-General reflected on the need to balance growth
and sustainability at all stages of the tea value chain. To achieve this, he
called for greater sustainability, through strategies for climate change
adaptation and mitigation, enhanced market transparency and sustainability. He
also spoke about the importance of policies for sustainable production that target
smallholder growers.

Tea is a source of livelihoods

The production and processing of tea provide employment and
income to millions of smallholder farmers and workers in developing countries.
Smallholder tea growers are responsible for 60 percent of world tea production.

"Tea is a significant source of ingredients, incomes
and inspirations and can help alleviate some of the burden resulting from the
economic downturn, particularly for the rural poor," the Director-General
noted pointing to the need to improve the smallholders' business ecosystem.

For example, in light of the current pandemic and its impact
on tea trade and tea supply chains, it is crucial to adopt new business models
and technologies to ensure access to markets for smallholder farmers in this
new reality. 

The Director-General referred to the International Day as an
excellent opportunity to renew global commitment to building an inclusive,
sustainable and resilient tea sector.

Magic in a cup that protects and heals

During the event, the participants extolled the numerous
health benefits that tea offers, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant
and weight loss effects.

World per capita consumption of tea increased by 3 percent
over the last decade, driven by rising per capita income and population growth
in developing and emerging markets.

High-level participation

The observance today brought together the world's top tea
exporting and importing countries as well as major producing countries. The
participants echoed the Director-General's call to boost sustainable tea
production, address the challenges the smallholders face and untap the sector's
full potential in building back better.  

The high-level speakers included Inam Karimov, Minister
for Agriculture, Azerbaijan; TANG Renjian, Minister for Agriculture and
Rural Affairs, China (via video message); Stefano Patuanelli, Minister for
Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, the Republic of Italy (via video
message); Hamadi Boga, Principal Secretary for Crops Development and
Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, the Republic of
Kenya; Maneesh Gobin, Attorney General, Minister for Agro-Industry and
Food Security, Mauritius; Anup Wadhawan, Commerce Secretary, India; Shabnam
Weber, President, Tea and Herbal Association, Canada.

Closing the high-level segment, FAO Chief Economist Máximo
Torero Cullen stressed that tea lies at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development contributing to such objectives as ending poverty,
eradicating hunger, and enhancing the sustainable management and utilisation of
natural resources. He re-affirmed FAO's continuous support and commitment to
working with all partners for a better future for the tea sector "from
field to cup".

The opening ceremony was followed by a panel discussion on
ways to empower smallholders and enhance sustainability of the tea sector. The
discussion featured Rachmat Badruddin, Chairman of the Confederation of
International Tea Smallholders (CITS) Indonesia Tea Board; Prabhat
Bezboruah, Chairman of Tea Board India; Peter F. Goggi, President, Tea
Association of the U.S.A., Inc; Sharon Hall, Chief Executive, UK Tea
and Pavithri Peiris, Director, Promotion, Sri Lanka Tea Board.

Worldwide celebrations

Earlier today, the Director-General participated via video
message in the International Tea Day observance in China - the world's biggest
tea producer and consumer. At the event, attended by TANG Renjian, Minister of
Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, the Director-General expressed FAO's
willingness to promote better policies, further innovation, increased
investments and greater inclusiveness in this important sector.

Azerbaijani and Georgian teas also took centre stage during
an online celebration hosted by FAO and the European Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (EBRD), on the eve of the Day. Both countries are part of the
world's northernmost tea-producing region. The event highlighted the unique
characteristics of tea produced in the Caucasus with almost zero chemicals, as
well as the region's potential to carve out a wider space in the international
tea market.

About the Day

On 19 December 2019, the United Nations General Assembly
proclaimed 21 May as the International Tea Day, following an initiative by the
FAO Intergovernmental Group on Tea. The Day aims to raise awareness of the tea
sector's socio-economic relevance as well as its contribution to achieving the
2030 Agenda.