Barberry

Introduction

With the scientific name of Berberis Vulgaris , barberry belongs to the family of Berberi daceae. various species of barberry are distributed all over the world, with the greater intensity of various varieties distributed in different provinces of Iran, such as: south Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, east Azarbayejan, Kerman and Ardabil.

Barberry is a native of Iran, and Iran has the 1st rank in barberry's production in the world, which produces more than 98% of the baberrys of the world. Seedless barberry has been cultivated in south Khorasan, especially in Ghaen and Birjand from a couple of years ago.

Other types of barberry can be produced by seeds, mating, grafting and slicing. Considering the application of some of these methods in producing seedless barberry, a breif report of the research in this domain can be found below:

Barberry's growth, and maturation

Seedless barberry starts to grow in late March of each year through opening bud buds on the branches of the bud. Its yellow-colored yellow bud emerges gradually from the middle of the newly emerging leaves, grow gradually and opens up in April and the flowering period lasts for about 3 weeks. Barberry shrubs produce a lot of young stems each year, especially in a non-productive year. Fast growth of newly born stems starts from late March and will continue until June or July, and their growth usually stops when the weather gets warm. Barberry fruit begins to change its colour in late August and early September, it first converts from green to yellow, and then gradually changes from the top of fruit to pink and finally converts to red in September. Seedless barberry's fruit is hollow, and dry, with a fairly think and meaty wall, which gradually changes until it gets ready for harvesting, and the wall gets thinner, and a dense fluid accumulate in the fruit.

Barberry's varieties in the country:

- Seedless barberry: it's commercially important;

- Gray barberry: not appreciable economical value, but can be used in producing barberry juice

- Ornament barberry: there are some varieties of barberry which can be used in green space and gardens   

Conversion and processing industries:

Conversion and processing of barberry in soth Khorasan, based on the report of the head of gardening department of Agricultural Jihad of the province, has the following outcomes:

1. Top-Tous-Ferdows company: packaging of 630 tons of barberry per yr (?)

2. Ghaen-zeresh company: 4250 tons of jams per yr

3. Sorkhdaneh company of Ghahestan: 150 tons syrup, 300 tons of Lavashak and barberry sauce, located in Ghaen

4. Ghaen concentrate barberry company: 12500 tons /yr, with 23 employees

- Sceintific name: Berberis Vulgaris

- Major producers: Iraan, China, USA

- Major forgein brands/figure: Cartagena, Darwin, Densi Flora, Fortune, Hoker, Ingrammas

- Surface under cultivation of barberry in Iran: 15504.5 hectare(just 25 hectare of it is dry farming)- ranked 1st in the world

- Barberry's producton in Iran per year: 17584 ton, ranked 1st in the world

- Performance in hectare (water farming): 1337.4 kg

- Performance in hectare (dry farming): 1263 kg

- Provinces where produce barberry in Iran: Sothern Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi, Kerman, Yazd, as well as in the following provinces with less intensity compared to the previously mentioned ones: Fars, Kermanshah, Gazvin, Isfahan, West and East Azarbayejan

- The amount of barberry exports in the year 2017: 356.87 tons

- Export value (in 2017): $1650150

- Barberry's export price: $7.4/kg

- Target markets: European Union, Russia, Persian Gulf States

- Domestic market price (major sale): 25 to 30 thousand tomans per kg

- Domestic retail market price: 35 to 40 thousand tomans per kg

- Major domestic brands: Ordinary Barberry or Ashi, Seedless Barberry or Vulgaris, Puffi, Khorasanika:

- Domestic consumption of barberry: 17227 tons/year

Those who are interested in investing in this section visit the following website:

http://corc.ir/Index.aspx?page_=form&lang=2&sub=0&tempname=MainEn&PageID=1629